UNIX and Windows/NT

Fluent provides a wealth of physical models in a CFD solver ideally suited to the solution of incompressible and mildly compressible flows. FLUENT’s pressure based, segregated solution algorithm and multigrid solver provide speed, accuracy and robust convergence for a wide range of complex flows. Using structured quadrilateral/hexahedral meshes, FLUENT provides sophisticated models for turbulence, heat transfer, multiphase flows, chemical reaction and combustion.

General Modeling Capabilities
-2-D planar, 2-D axisymmetric, or 3-D modelling
-Multiple reference frames
-Steady-state or transient analysis
-Incompressible or compressible flow
-Laminar or turbulent flow
-Heat transfer and thermal mixing including forced convection, natural or mixed convection, condition, radiation and volumetric heat sources or sinks
-Chemical species mixing and reaction, including combustion submodels and surface deposition reaction models
-Eulerian multiphase models for gas, liquid and granular phase
-Volume-of-fluid (VOF) multiphase model for immiscible and free-surface fluid flows
-Lagranging trajectory calculation for dispersed phase of particles/droplets/bubbles
-Conjugate solid/fluid heat transfer including moving conducting solid region
-Porous media with non-isotropic permeability and inertial resistance, effective conductivity and heat capacity
-Lumped parameter models for fans pumps, radiators, heat-exchangers
-Inertial (stationary), non-inertial (rotating) or mixed (sliding) reference frame models
-Volumetric sources of heat, mass, momentum and chemical species

Mesh Capabilities
-Quadrilateral/hexahedral structured mesh (single block or multiblock structured with global IJK indexing)
-Direct Cartesian or cylindrical-polar mesh generation
-Mesh refinement via line insertion or doubling of grid density; interpolation of data onto refined mesh
-Extrusion/rotation of 2-D mesh and solution data into 3-D
-Sliding mesh for rotor/stator interaction
-Moving/deforming mesh for simulation of moving geometry
-Deforming meshes and compressible flows (e.g filling a vessel)

Numerical Method
-Control-volume methods based on structured meshes
-Co-located formulation using Cartesian or cylindrical-polar velocity components
-Discretization using power-law, second-order upwind, or QUICK shemes
-Segregate, Pressure-based solution algorithm (SIMPLEC, and PISO)
-Line Gauss-Siedel linear equation solver additive correction multigrid (ACM) schemes
-Segreted, pressure-based solution algorithm (SIMPLE, SIMPLEC, and PISO)
-Line Gauss-Siedel linear equation solver with additive correction multigrid (ACM) scheme

Turbulence Modeling
-High Reynolds K-E model, including submodels for buoyancy and compressibility effects
-RNC K-E model with extensions for swirl, compressibility, low Reynolds number and near-wall effects (differential viscosity relationships and Brandtl number corrections)
High Reynolds number differential Reynolds Stress Model (RSM)
-Standard Wall functions
- Non-equilibrium wall functions sensitized to pressure gradient
-Two –layer zonal near-wall model
- Enhanced K-E model with two choices of turbulent kinetic energy production model (kate-Launder and Kim)
-RNC advanced capability package including enhancements for buoyant stratification and rotating of reference

Chemical Species, Reaction, and Combustion Modeling
-Formulation based on solution or multispecies transport equations including reaction source term
-Optional full multicomponent diffusion model
-Finite rate chemistry for reaction Using Arhennius rate and eddy-breakup (EBU) model for turbulence-chemistry interaction
-PDF/Conserved scalar (two mixture fractions) formulation for turbulence-chemistry interaction indiffusion controlled reactions, using:
-Simple mixed-is-burned model or chemical equilibrium calculation
-Property data base for equilibrium data and thermodynamic properties
-Flamelet model (Library of Laminar Flamelets for single or multiple strain)
Combustion submodels dor coal, liquid , gaseous and mixed fuel types
-Pollution formation models (NOx, soot)
Surface deposition raction models for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and other heterogenous reactions
-User-defined subroutines for custom reaction rate expressions
-Modeling of condenses species
-Specification of coal off-gases in termes of coal elemental composition and heating value
-Optional RNG-based reaction –front tracking model for premixed systems
-Optional ACERC coal combustion models:
-CPD devolatization model
-Char oxidation
-NOx formation model with reburning
-Optional coal combustion models available from IFRF

Radiation Heat Transfer
-Discrete Transfer Radiation Model (DTRM) with participating media
-P-1 radiotion model with participating/scattering media
-Dependence of gas absorption coefficient on water vaor, carbon dioxide , soot and particle concentrationusing WSGG (weighted sum of gray gases) or Modak models
-Radiation heat transfer to particles/droplets (P-1 model)

Lagrangian Dispersed Phase Modeling
-Trajectory calculation for spherical particles/droplets/bubbles in steady flow (stationary or ratating frames of reference)
-Momentum, heat and mass transfer coupling with fluid phase
-Virtual mass force, pressure gradient force, thermophoretic force and user-defined forces
-Reflection/saltation boundary conditions at wall boundaries with variable and angledependent coefficient of restitution
-Optional adhesion to wall boundaries and collection at particle filters
-Turbulence dispersion via random-walk models (discrete or continuous random-walk models, trajectory crossing effects)
-Particle size distribution through Rosin-Rammler equation or other discrete description
-Sprar definition
-Heat Transfer between fluid and dispersed phase, including convection and radiation effects
-Evaporation and boiling of liquid droplets
-Spray drying of wet particles
-Coal combustion submodels for devolatization, swelling and char burnout
-Heterogeneous surface reactions between solid particles and fluid phase( kinetic/diffusion limites rates)
-Residence time reporting detailed trajectory reporting, heat and mass transfer summaries, particle dispersion display
-User-defined heat or mass transfer models
-Drag force modification via user-defined subroutine
-User-defiuned particle/wall interaction

Multiphase Modeling
-Gas-liquid, gas-solid, liquid-liquid, liquid-solid multiphase system modeling for N fluids , including;
-Volume-averaged formulation for interpenetrating continua
-Partially-coupled semi-implicit or fully-coupled implicit solution algorithms
-Multiple choices of built-in drag via user-defined subroutines
-Added mass and lift forces
-Interphase heat and mass transfer including radiation (P-1) and particle/droplet size evolution
-Chemical mixing and reactions in individual phases
-Phase-specific K-E equations for turbulence modelling
-Multiple choices of built-in drag laws and custom drag laws via user-defined subroutines
-Added mass and lift forces
-Interphase heat and mass transfer including radiation (P-) and particle/droplet size evolution
-Chemical mixing and reactions in individual phases
-Phase-specific K-E equations for turbulence modelling
-Availability of various boundary conditions (e.g pressure boundary conditions)
-Granular phase model for gas-solid or liquid-solid systems with multiple (N) Solid particle sizes
-Multiple choices of constitutive relationship for granular including solid pressure, solid viscosity and conductivity based on kinetic theory analogies
-Full transport equation for granular temperature with choices of interaction with fluid phase turbulence in dilute phase and UDS for dense phase
-Plasticity-based granular bed model for frictional regime
-Granular bed model with fixed porosity and solid velocity
-Particle reflection model in wall boundary condition for granular phases
-user-defined critical packing-limit for granular phase
-Monitoring of total solids present
-User subroutines for customized properties or interphase heat and mass transfer
-Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) Multiphase Model
-Gas-Liquid or liquid-liquid system modelling for N immiscible fluids
-Interface (e.g, free-surface) tracking, including the effects of surface tension and wall adhesion
-Heat Transfer between the fluids
-Species mixing and reaction within primary fluid
-Mass transfer between fluids via user-defined subroutine
-Compressibility for primary fluid
-Non-Newtonian primary fluid properties
-User subroutines for primary fluid properties
-Steady-state or time-marching solution options
-Compatibility with sliding/deforming mesh

Phase Change Modeling
-Liquid-solid melting or solidification using the enthalpy-porosity method
-Mixture (musghy zone) modelling using the lever rule for alloys
-Pull velocity for contious casting
-Marangoni conversation
-Thermal contact resitance between solid material and walls
-Combined phase change VOF models

Boundary Conditions
• Multiple flow inlets/exits, with specification of:
-Intel velocity (Cartesian or cylindrical-polar component form)
-Intel total or static pressure, with specified flow angle
-Exit static pressure
-Inlet flid temperature
-Inlet turbulence intensity and length scale (with optional specification of k and E values)
-Inlet mass fraction or mole fraction (for multi-component flows)
• Wall boundaries, with specification of:
-Wall velocity using Cartesian, cylindrical-polar or rotational velocity component forms
-Sheat-stress calculation using choice of wall functions in turbulent flow, including wall roughness effects
-Thermal boundary conditions using heat-flux, temperature, external convection and external radiation conditions
-Velocity input using multiple local systems for Cartesian cylindrical velocity components
-Spatial profiles of all boundary condition inputs
-Time variation of all boundary condition inputs
-Fixed variable option for boundary condition setting in computational cells
-Sub-grid size inlet specification through volume sources
-Symmetry, rotationally periodic and translationally periodic boundaries
-Streamwise-periodic boundary conditions
-Supersonic inflow/outflow boundaries
-Specified mass flow boundary conditions for compressible flows (permits mixed supersonic and subsonic inlets)

Material Properties
-Constant or variable fluid properties, including temperature and composition dependence (data pair or polynomial input)
-Fluid density calculation using ideal gas law or mixture average
-Boussinesq treatment of density for flows including buoyancy
-Non-Newtonian fluid models using power-law, Herschel-Bulkley or Carreau non-Newtonian user-defined laws
-Temperature-dependent heat-capacity and thermal conductivity in solid regions
-User-defined functions for property inputs

User-defined Subroutines
-Specification of volume sources in continuity, momentum, energy or species transport equations
-Input of custom boundary conditions or initial conditions
-Definition of custom fluid properties
-Addition of scalar transport equations
- Modification of porous or lumped fan and heat-exchanger models
-Modification or addition or Lagrangian particle force balance, drag law, interphase heat/mass transfer and particle/boundary interaction
-definition of moving mesh coordinates
-Creation of custom post-processing variables
-full access to FLUENT data structure; ability to add custom variables

Interface, Graphics, Postprocessing and Reporting
-Fully interactive graphical and text-based user interface
-Journaling and trascripting
-Diagnostic and error trapping
-Dynamic control of setup, solution and post processing tasks
-Flexible units specification (SI units, British units, custom/mixed units)
-Dynamic interrupts and restarts of calculations
-Residual reporting and display
-Unsteady particle tracking for massless particles
-Reporting of fluxes (mass, heat), forces and moments
-Computation and reporting of surface integrals and averages
-Integrated kinematic quantities including gradients of deformation tensor and streteching efficiency
-Automatic slicing
-Flow variables statics (e.g, averages, min/max, RMS)
-Zone-based integration of forces, torques and power
-Export of averaged velocity data
-Quantitative XY-plotting of data
-Powerful graphics flows visualization animation
-On-screen mouse-based view manipulation (rotation, translation, magnification)
-Extensive hardcopy options
• Data Export:
-Node dataexport in generic universal format for FE analysis (Plot3-D Format)
-File transfer to other postprocessing packages (FIELDVIEW, English, IBM DX, SGI DX, AVS, Wavefront)

On-Line Help and Document
-Complete hypertext-based on-line documentation
-User guide, including theory and application
-Tutorial guide, with model-specific examples
-Validation manual
-Training manual